A study of the tourism web coverage in Switzerland

This paper discusses experiments that were performed to understand the geographic and linguistic coverage of web resources focusing on tourism-related themes in Switzerland. The research was prompted by the observation that studies in geographic information retrieval (GIR) and volunteered geographic information (VGI) commonly assume web coverage to be homogenous across geographic space, themes, and languages. There are, however, strong hints that this assumption is unfounded (Pasley et al. 2008). The goal of studying the geographic web coverage is one of the preliminary steps in generating (geographic) data from the web that can be used as valid information. An idea on how well certain areas are geographically covered by information available on the web, their frequency and patterns that emerge from this data collection help in the decision of preselecting web data for further investigation. For this experiment the language is also considered as coverage varies greatly on the tongue of the place. Ad hoc tourism information is readily available on the web in the form of pages that contain news, lists, catalogue, reviews, blogs and multimedia content. All this provides a vast playground for tourism as a use case for generating geographic information from the web. The key questions driving this research are: 1) What is the geographic distribution of web coverage for tourism-related themes? 2) How does language affect web coverage

Assessment of the functional outcome of Arthroscopic Reconstruction of Anterior Cruciate Ligament using Hamstring Tendon Autograft

INTRODUCTION: Knee injuries are increasing and becoming more common due to the exponential rise in road traffic accidents and sports related activities by common people. In current scenario, knee injuries take the Orthopaedician to a plethora of diagnostic and management challenges which is not resolved even by modern understanding and technical improvements in science. Anterior cruciate ligament is one amongst the most common injured structure around knee. Being one of the prime stabilizers of the knee, the major role of Anterior cruciate ligament is to resist anterior translation of the tibia on the femur. ACL also contributes to stabilize the knee against varus and valgus stress, excessive hyperextension and proprioception. As ACL doesn’t heal with repair, reconstruction is the only possibility. Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is done to improve stability of the knee joint, to prevent later meniscal tear and to delay the onset of early osteoarthritis. Graft tissue selection, graft placement, methods of graft fixation, variations in the rehabilitation protocol, post reconstruction functional bracing, and criteria for return to routine activities remains controversial. As the open ACL reconstruction has prolonged rehabilitation and more complications, arthroscopic assisted ACL reconstruction is a boon for such injuries where precision and rehabilitation is quick. Since early return to daily routine with full range of movements and minimal donor site morbidities is feasible following arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL, it is considered more superior to the extraarticular and intraarticular reconstruction by open arthrotomy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to assess the functional outcome of Arthroscopic Reconstruction of Anterior Cruciate Ligament using hamstring tendon autograft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a study done on 20 patients presenting with knee instability, who were clinically examined and confirmed by MRI for ACL insufficiency and treated with arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL with hamstring tendon autograft between July 2015 and July 2016 at Government Stanley Hospital, Chennai. Patients were followed up at 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and once in every 6 months thereafter. All patients were evaluated and graded with International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) examination form. RESULTS: ACL injury more commonly occurs in males in the younger age group (20-30 years). The most common mode of injury is Road traffic accident followed by sports. Out of 20 patients, 15 patients had a normal knee (IKDC Grade A), 4 patients had a nearly normal knee (IKDC Grade B) and one patient ended up with abnormal knee (IKDC Grade C). Two patients with Anterior cruciate ligament injury presenting more than three years since initial trauma ended up with osteoarthritis changes in the knee. CONCLUSION: The arthroscopic technique of hamstring tendon autograft for ACL reconstruction using the endobutton for femoral fixation and interference screw for tibial fixation has low morbidity and excellent functional results. Proper surgical technique, adequate graft fixation and good post-operative rehabilitation warrants excellent functional results with Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft

Drainage Morphometric Analysis of the Nagavathi Watershed of Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu, India Using SRTM Data and GIS

GIS and Remote sensing have proved to be a resourceful tool in the explanation of drainage pattern for water resources management and its planning. The identification of morphometric characteristics based on a Geographic Information System (GIS) was carried out in the Nagavathi watershed, Dharmapuri District. The quantitative drainage morphometric parameters was carried out for the Nagavathi watershed by estimating their (a) Linear aspects like Stream number, Stream order, Stream length, Mean stream length, Stream length ratio, Bifurcation ratio, (b) Aerial aspects like Drainage density, Stream frequency, Texture Ratio, Elongation ratio, Form factor, Circularity index, Length of overflow, Constant of Channel maintenance, Drainage texture, Compactness coefficient and (c) Relief aspects like Basin relief, Relief ratio, Ruggedness number, Gradient ratio, Melton ruggedness ratio, Slope,  relative relief, Shape Factor and Leminscate.  The drainage area of Nagavithi watershed is 482 sq. Km. the main drainage patterns is dendritic to sub-dendritic drainage. The Nagavathi watershed was classified as a fifth order drainage watershed, whereas micro watershed was classified as an eight in the watershed. Stream order of the watershed was predominantly controlled by structural and lithological controls of various drainage patterns and their stream orientations were identified to evaluate the direction and controlling factors in drainage network. The drainage density in the area has been found to be low which indicates that the area possesses highly permeable soils and low relief. The bifurcation ratio varies from 0.8 to 43.1. The elongation ratio of  Microwatersheds  varies  from  0.13  to  0.43, indicates  Microwatersheds  fall  under elongated  pattern. This study would help the local people to utilize the resources for planning rainwater harvesting and watershed management

Voltage Controlled Integrator and Linear Quadrature-VCO Using MMCC

A Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) based on the new multiplication-mode current conveyor (MMCC) building block is presented. The oscillator is realized using a double integrator loop (DIL) where a linear frequency (fo) versus the control voltage (Vc) tuning characteristics with quadrature sinusoid signal generation in a range of 40  kHz ≤ fo≤ 700   kHz had been experimentally verified. The fo─ sensitivity is low while the frequency stability factor (Sf >>1) is high at satisfactory values of total harmonic distortion (THD ≈ 1.11%)

Gut microflora of some edible crabs from Porto Novo Coast

399-401Gut microflora of 5 commercially important crabs, viz. Charybdis cruciata (Herbst), Podophthalmus vigil (Fabricius) (marine), Scylla serrata (Forskal), Portumus pelagicus (Linnaeus), Podophthalmus sanguinolentus (Herbst) (estuarine), were studied. The midgut harboured highest aerobic and proteolytic bacteria. Luminescent bacterial flora were predominant in the hindgut and on the cuticular membrane of all the crabs examined. High numbers of heterotrophic bacteria were recorded in the midgut of Scylla serrata

Voltage Controlled Integrator and Linear Quadrature-VCO Using MMCC

A Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO) based on the new multiplication-mode current conveyor (MMCC) building block is presented. The oscillator is realized using a double integrator loop (DIL) where a linear frequency (fo) versus the control voltage (Vc) tuning characteristics with quadrature sinusoid signal generation in a range of 40 kHz ≤ fo≤ 700  kHz had been experimentally verified. The fo─ sensitivity is low while the frequency stability factor (Sf >>1) is high at satisfactory values of total harmonic distortion (THD ≈ 1.11%)

Critical Analysis on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Bulk and Nanocrystalline Cu-Fe-O

Nanocrystalline and bulk samples of “Fe”-doped CuO were prepared by coprecipitation and ceramic methods. Structural and compositional analyses were performed using X-ray diffraction, SEM, and EDAX. Traces of secondary phases such as CuFe2O4, Fe3O4, and α-Fe2O3 having peaks very close to that of the host CuO were identified from the Rietveld profile analysis and the SAED pattern of bulk and nanocrystalline Cu0.98Fe0.02O samples. Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) measurements show hysteresis at 300 K for all the samples. The ferrimagnetic Neel transition temperature () was found to be around 465°C irrespective of the content of “Fe”, which is close to the value of cubic CuFe2O4. High-pressure X-Ray diffraction studies were performed on 2% “Fe”-doped bulk CuO using synchrotron radiation. From the absence of any strong new peaks at high pressure, it is evident that the secondary phases if present could be less than the level of detection. Cu2O, which is diamagnetic by nature, was also doped with 1% of “Fe” and was found to show paramagnetic behavior in contrast to the “Fe” doped CuO. Hence the possibility of intrinsic magnetization of “Fe”-doped CuO apart from the secondary phases is discussed based on the magnetization and charge state of “Fe” and the host into which it is substituted

Intrusion Detection Systems for Community Wireless Mesh Networks

Wireless mesh networks are being increasingly used to provide affordable network connectivity to communities where wired deployment strategies are either not possible or are prohibitively expensive. Unfortunately, computer networks (including mesh networks) are frequently being exploited by increasingly profit-driven and insidious attackers, which can affect their utility for legitimate use. In response to this, a number of countermeasures have been developed, including intrusion detection systems that aim to detect anomalous behaviour caused by attacks. We present a set of socio-technical challenges associated with developing an intrusion detection system for a community wireless mesh network. The attack space on a mesh network is particularly large; we motivate the need for and describe the challenges of adopting an asset-driven approach to managing this space. Finally, we present an initial design of a modular architecture for intrusion detection, highlighting how it addresses the identified challenges

Supplementation of Aripiprazole In Risperidone induced Hyperprolactinemia a Double Bling Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial.

INTRODUCTION : This scale is designed to assess positive symptoms, principally those that occur in schizophrenia. It is intended to serve as a complementary instrument to the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). These positive symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, bizarre behavior, and positive formal thought disorder. As in the case of the SANS, the investigator using this instrument will need to decide on an appropriate "time set". The instrument was developed with the exception that, in general, the time set will cover the past month as in the case of SANS. This scale can also be used in psychopharmacologic research in order to make weekly ratings and chart the subject's response to treatment. Investigators using this instrument, particularly in combination with the SANS, will need to use a standard clinical interview in order to evaluate the subject's symptoms. Since positive formal thought disorder is an important positive symptom, it is recommended that, in doing this interview, the investigator begin talking with the subject on a relatively neutral topic for five to ten minutes in order to observe the subject's manner of speaking and responding. Thereafter, he can begin to ask specific questions about the various positive symptoms. Suggested probes are provided in the interview guide. OBJECTIVE: Hyperprolactinemia and related adverse effects often occur with antipsychotics, especially Risperidone. We investigated the effect of adjunctive treatment with Aripiprazole on hyperprolactinemia in patients with schizophrenia maintained on Risperidone. METHOD: Thirty patients who were on stable doses of Risperidone were randomized either to get 10 mg of Aripiprazole or placebo in a double bind fashion. Serum prolactin levels were measured at the baseline and at the end of 8 weeks. Symptoms and side effects were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Scale for the Assessment for positive symptoms, Scale for Assessment of Negative symptoms, Simpson- Angus Rating scale, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale, Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and Prolactin Related Adverse Event Questionnaire at baseline, weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8. RESULTS: Prolactin levels of patients receiving Aripiprazole significantly decreased compared to the placebo group, at the end of 8 weeks. In the Aripiprazole group, patients had 60.64% reduction in prolactin level at week 8 whereas no reduction was observed in placebo. Statistically significant reduction in scores of Arizona Sexual Experience Scale and Prolactin Related Adverse Event Questionnaire were noted in Aripiprazole group which denote improvement in sexual side effects. No differences were observed on BPRS, Scale for the Assessment of Positive symptoms, Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms, Simpson-Angus Rating Scale, and Barnes Akathisia Rating scale scores were noted. CONCLUSION: Adjunctive Aripiprazole treatment improved hyperprolactinemia in both gender, resulting in clinical improvement, with no significant effects on psychopathology and extra pyramidal symptoms. Partial agonistic property of Aripiprazole could be the cause of this observation

Discrete Controller Design for A Hybrid Three Tank System

Systems in which the dynamical behaviour evolves based on the interaction between the continuous dynamics and the discrete dynamics, present in the system, are called hybrid systems. Traditionally such systems were analysed either as purely continuous or purely discrete systems. The interactions between discrete and continuous systems in today’s technological problems have become so important that hybrid modelling of such systems is called for. In this paper a discrete controller is designed for such a hybrid system. Hybrid modelling technique is used to model the hybrid three tank systems. The hybrid model is simulated in SIMULINK and STATEFLOW is used to design the discrete controller